machine

understanding and image lathe20:02 1 comment
lathe

latheUnderstanding Machine Tool is a tool to change the shape of the workpiece with the incisions using the lathe has primsip pahat.Mesin work as follows :Shaft will rotate the workpiece spindle through a gear coupling, spin gear will be delivered to the screw shaft . By threaded clamp , threaded shaft rotation is converted into translational motion on the sled that carries pahat.Mesin Lathe divided into several types , namely :


   1 .
      Universal Lathe
   2 .
      Machine Tool Special
   3 .
      Conventional Lathe
   4 .
      CNC Lathe Machine

The main parts of the machine1.Kepala remain2.Kepala off3.poros transportir4.Eretan5.BedTechniques latheWorkpiece 1.Cekam ½ part2.Benda riveted to head off job3.membubut using the 2 center
How it Works Lathe



The lathe is one type of machine tool . Work on the principle of turning or better known as the lathe is the process of removing part of the workpiece to obtain certain forms . Here, the workpiece will be played / rotation at a certain speed the process along by doing funeral chisel driven by translational parallel to the axis of rotation of the workpiece . Rotary movement of the workpiece is called the relative motion and move the pieces of the sculpture called translational motion feedback ( feeding ) .
But another definition states thatLathe is a process that feeds the workpiece incision was done by rotating the workpiece is then imposed on the chisel driven translational parallel to the axis of rotation of the workpiece . Rotary movement of the workpiece is called the relative motion and move the pieces of the sculpture called translational motion of the bait .
By adjusting the ratio of the speed of rotation of the workpiece and cutting tool translational velocity will be obtained with a variety of screw sizes revolved different . This can be done by way of swapping gears translational spindle shaft that connects to the screw shaft .Exchangers gear is reserved exclusively to meet the purposes of making a thread . Number of teeth on each gear changers varied magnitude ranging from number 15 up to a maximum number of 127 teeth . Gear changers with the number 127 has specificity because it is used for the conversion from metric screw threaded into inches .

The working principle latheSpindle shaft will rotate through the workpiece carrier plate so that the gears rotate on the spindle shaft . Through liaison gear , round gear will be delivered to the screw shaft . By threaded clamp , threaded shaft rotation is converted into translational motion on the sled that carries chisel . As a result, the workpiece will be screw -shaped incision .The main parts of a conventional latheThe main parts in a conventional lathe onalthough generally the same brand or a different factory-made ,it's just that sometimes the position of the handle / lever , button , table designationturning and drafting a series of gears for various types ofturning the location / position differs . Similarly, the waypengoperasianya because it has the same facilities are also not far awaydifferent .Here are three main parts latheconventional ( regular ) which is generally owned by the machine .
1.4.1 Major Axis ( Main Spindle )The main axis or known by the main spindle ( Figure 19 aand 19 b ) is a major axis lathe workas chuck holder ( dibble ) , plate carrier , kolet , flashlight fixedand others. Seen in ( Figure 19 a) is an axisThe main lathe chuck or mounted a dibblediamana gear arrangement in which there can digesergeserthrough the handle / lever to regulate the engine speed accordingneeds turning .Seen in ( Figure 19 b ) is another type of main axislathe ends are attached a flashlight fixed( G ) , which serves as a place holder at the time of the workpieceturning among the top two flashlights . In the fixed head , there areseries arrangement of gears and wheels or pulleys risesingle wheel connected with V belt or flat belt . withThus we can obtain different rounds whenThe relationship between the wheel changed usinghandel / speed control lever ( A ) , ( C ) and ( F ) . Wheels ( Pully V )This rise usually consists of 3 or 4 pieces pieces with axesdifferent and rotated by an electric motor .The resulting round there are two kinds of rapid roundsand round slow . Fast lap is usually done at workfor lathe objects with a single thin section whileslow rotation for dual working to pluck togreat power and pemakananya thick ( coarsening ) . direction of rotationmachine can be reversed using the lever inverting rotation ( C ) , it isrequired in order for example to operate a lathe or screw tolathe in the opposite direction according to the angle eye piecechisel .
Spelling Machine ( bed )Lathe table ( Figure 20 ) serves as acradle head off , sledding , silent buffer (steady rest ) andIngestion is a pedestal style turning period . formThe base manifold , there is a flat and there is oneor both sides have a certain height . surfacesmooth and flat so that the movement of the head off and others on itsmoothly . When the pad is dirty or damaged would lead the waynon-current sled so that the obtained results will be turning theeither no or less precision .




Sledge ( carriage )Sledge ( Figure 21 ) consists of elongated sled ( longitudinalcarriage ) which moves along the base engine , sled transverse( cross carriage ) which moves transverse engine and sled base upon( top carriage ) , which moves in accordance with the position of the d adjustmenttransverse sledge . Usefulness of this sled is to provideIngestion of magnitude can be set at the discretion of the operatorwhich can be measured with a certain accuracy contained on wheelsplayers. Please note that all sled can runautomatically or manually .




Remove the head ( tail stock)Head off as ( Figure 22 ) is used toturn the flashlight holder as supporting the workpiece duringlathe , drill rod holder and dibble tapered drill asclamping drill . Loose head can be moved along the base engine ,hollow shaft taper drill rod making it easier forclamped . Height equal to the height of the head off the flashlight remains . headIt consists of loose , there are two parts: the base and the body , which2 tied with binder bolt ( A ) installed on both sides of the pedestalhead off for a well functioning regulatory body shifthead off to turn the flashlight holder needs to be concentricwith a flashlight or a fixed axis machines , or do not concentric ie ontapered lathe time between two flashlights .In addition to wheel player ( B ) , there are also two head off againone binding arm ( C ) associated with the basemounted nut , where it functions to bind loose headthe machine base to prevent movement of the head separated from theposition . While the other ( D ) mounted on the sidetube sliding / swivel flashlight home , when tensioned serves tonot occur during longitudinal movement of a lathe .


Speed ​​control lever axis Transporter and CarrierSpeed ​​control lever ( A ) in Figure 23 , is used toadjust the speed of the shaft axis transporter and carrier . there are twochoice of speed , high speed and low speed .Used for the construction of high speed objectssmall diameter and speed while settlement constructionused for the low coarsening workmanship , thread , groove , mengkarteland cutting ( cut off ) .


the magnitude of each engine speed varies and can be viewedlisted in the table plate on the machine .
plate tableTable plate ( B ) in Figure 24 , is the size of the tableposted speed on a lathe that states the amount ofchanges in the relationship between the gears in the gear boxor the pulley wheel on the fixed head ( head stock) .This table is very useful for guidance in the works sospeed can be selected to suit the size of the diameteror according to the type of workpiece and cutting tool materials is done
Inverting converter lever axis transporter and carrierInverting rotation lever ( C ) in Figure 24 , is used toreverse the direction of rotation of the main axis , it is necessary wheneverwant to do work penguliran , pengkartelan , orlathe surface




Main Axis Speed ​​Table PlateMajor axis rate table plate ( E ) in Figure 25 ,figures show the amount of the principal axis speedcan be selected in accordance with the lathe work .



Lever - lever Main Axis Speed ​​ControllerThe main axis speed control lever ( Figure 26 ) servesto set the rotation speed of the machine as a result ofcalculation or the readings of the round table .


Clamp Chisel ( Tools Post )Chisel clamp is used to clamp or hold the chisel ,that there are several kinds of shape such as shownin Figure 27 . This type is very practical and can be clamped chisel 4( four) in a work at once so that whenrequire 4 ( four ) types can be installed and tuned chiselat once .


Top sledgeSledge above as Figure 28 , serves aschisel clamp holder that also functions to regulatethe amount of the advance in the process of turning threaded chisel , groove , tapered ,champer ( pingul ) and others that their accuracy can reach 0.01mm .



This sled does not run automatically , butonly the manual way . Position can be set byturning it into a position of 360 ° , typically used forlathe turning tapered and threaded with feedsusing a sledge above .


cooler tapTaps used to distribute refrigerant cooling ( collant ) to the workpiece being turner with chisel on purpose to cool slice of time so as to keep chisels sharp and longevity . Bubutannyapun smooth results .

Players wheelsWheels found on the player used to head offmoving the heads off the axle forward or backward . howwhen taken long forward or backward can be measured byread the scale ring ( dial ) on the wheel the player .This movement is necessary when trying to drillto determine or measure how deep the drill bit should beincluded .
Transporters and carrier axisTransporters or transporters shaft is threaded shaft in terms offour or trapezoid that usually has revolved 6 mm , usedto bring the sled on working time automatically , for example whenscrew lathe , turning lathe groove and or other work .Axis while the carrier is a carrier or axle shaftare always spun to carry or support the waysledge .




Liaison leverConnecting lever as used forconnecting gears contained in the sleigh with shaftstranspoter so the sled will be run automaticallyalong the base engine . The connecting lever has twoposition . Position in the rotation means reversing the direction of motion( direction of rotation counterclockwise) and downward position meansclockwise rotation motion .
Latitude sledgeSledge latitude as shown in functionto move the cutting tool or machine base transverse forward directionor to the back of the operator positions the workpiece feeds .At the wheel was also a sledge dial gauge to determinehow long step forward or pullback chisel movement .

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